2019年高考一輪復習英語知識點：同義詞(4)

　　38.抓,握

　　grasp: To take hold of something firmly usu using the whole hand. Grasp all and lose all.

　　He grasped her by the hand.

　　clasp: To hold something firmly and tightly with one's arms or hand round.

　　The child clasped his doll protectively.

　　clutch: To grasp something quickly and greedily.

　　It suggests eagerness or an anxiety in seizing or grasping and may implies less success in holding.

　　The mother clutched her baby in his arms.

　　seize: To take hold of suddenly with force. The animal seized its prey.

　　to seize sb by the hand/to seize something from sb.

　　snatch: To grasp something quickly and suddenly sometimes secretly

　　It suggests more suddenness or quickness but less force than seize.

　　The thief snatched her purse and ran away.

　　grab: (infml) It implies more roughness and rudeness than snatch. She grabbed his arms and pulled him out of the room.

　　grip: To take a very tight hold of something esp. with your  fingers or with a tool.

　　He gripped the nail and pulled it out.

　　39.看 凝視

　　see: To experience with the eyes and it does not depend on what you want to do.

　　look at: To use your eyes on purpose and with attention.

　　watch: to look for some time at something that may move.

　　gaze: To look long and steadily, often with the implication of

　　wonder, admiration.

　　stare: To gaze intently esp. with wide-open eyes as in amusement,

　　admiration, wonder, deep thought, anger or fear.

　　glance: To look at something quickly and briefly.

　　glimpse: To see by chance, just for a moment.

　　glare: To stare angrily, fiercely.

　　It emphasizes hospitality or fear.

　　peep: To look quickly and secretly or from a hiding place.

　　peer: To look sharply and curiously with a narrowing of the eyes

　　often a movement of the head forward.

　　gape: To look hard in surprise, esp. with the mouth open.

　　40.靜

　　quiet: Without any sound. A quiet person is not noisy or loud. A quiet street may have little or no traffic on it.

　　still: Without any movement.

　　An engine is still if it is not running.

　　silent: Without any words.

　　calm: Peaceful. A calm person is relaxed. He doesn't get excited easily.

　　peaceful: (something) Gentle and restful and calm.

　　It is very peaceful in the country.

　　41.消滅

　　destroy: To damage it so much that it is completely ruined.

　　The enemy soldiers destroyed everything in sight when they captured the village.

　　damage: To hurt or lower the value of something.

　　The car was damaged in the accident.

　　ruin: To destroy gradually, little by little. An object that has been ruined has lost all its value or usefulness, which can't be repaired or fixed.

　　Moths ruined good woolen clothes by eating holes in them.

　　spoil: To ruin something so it can't be used.

　　Milk will spoil if it is not kept cold.

　　demolish: To destroy big or substantial things such as buildings

　　Many buildings had to be demolished before the new highway could be built.

　　exterminate: To destroy in a big way or in large amount.

　　wreck: To break it, destroy it, or spoil it completely.

　　It usually refers to vessels or vehicles.

　　42.結(jié)果

　　result: The most general one.

　　What happens because of something else.

　　It indicates a strict causal link between the two events.

　　The word may often suggest an earlier action

　　deliberately taken to gain a particular goal. It suggests a unique or unpredictable one-time action.

　　consequence: (fml) Something that follows from an action or condition.

　　More often the word suggests a negative result or at least the negative concomitant (相伴的) of an otherwise desirable effect.

　　Cancer is a consequence of smoking.

　　effect: A special or particular result.

　　It gives a more objective almost scientific tone and emphasizes a principle that underlies a chain of events.

　　Did the medical have a good effect.

　　43.表明 代表

　　mean: The most general one

　　show: To show that something exists or is true means to prove it. It refers to the agreed- upon ideas or thing that words or signs stand for.

　　suggest: To cause to come to mind.

　　It by contrast concentrates specifically on covert or

　　implicit qualities or association in signs or language.

　　It stresses tentative alternatives in meaning.

　　He claims to mean one thing, but his choice of words suggests quite another.

　　The sight of birds suggested a new idea for flying machine.

　　indicate: To make a sign for/clear.

　　It stresses a rough approximation of literal meaning.

　　A high fever indicates severe illness.

　　His answer indicated that I could leave.

　　imply: To express indirectly.

　　It stresses subtlety or complexity of association.

　　His manner implies that he would like cone with us.

　　Do you realize what his words imply?

　　denote: To be a mark of.

　　It specially refers to what a term strictly or literally means.

　　The sign x denotes an unknown number.

　　A smile often denotes pleasure.

　　The sign "=" denotes that two things are equal.

　　connote: (more formal and technical) It refers to all the possible associations that are implied or suggested by a term. Connote is closer in meaning to imply than suggest. signify: To be a sign of.

　　It suggests a simple literal meaning and stresses any aspect of conveyed understandings. Sometimes the word is used especially to refer to the deepest import of an expression than to more obvious or superficial aspects

　　He signified his agreement by nodding.

　　A fever usually signifies a disorder of the body.

　　symbolize: To represent by one or more symbols.

　　It suggests a rich cluster of abstract concepts that are invested in a word, gesture or object and stresses a deliberate compression of complex idea into a concrete token that stands for them.

　　The dove symbolizes peace.

　　The sign "+" symbolizes addition in arithmetic.

　　44.幫助

　　help: The general one. to supply whatever someone needs or do whatever might be useful to him.

　　assist: To co-operate with sb not taking an important part.

　　He assisted the doctor in the operation.

　　aid: (not followed infinitive) To help sb who is weak or is in

　　trouble who wanted very much by adding your work to his in order to do something.

　　The Red Cross often aids flood victims.

　　45.獲得,得到

　　get: The most general one.

　　obtain: (fml)It stresses the seeking out of something.

　　gain: to get gradually.

　　It indicates greater effort in the seeking process, forceful

　　seizure.

　　He gained the prize because of his good work.

　　acquire: To get for oneself by one's own work, skill action piece by  piece little by little.

　　He acquired good knowledge of English by hard work.

　　attain: To manage to achieve, to succeed in arriving at.

　　He attained the position of minister.

　　procure: It implies maneuvering to process something and suggests involved,

　　contrived or even shady (unjust) dealings.

　　46.禮品,禮物

　　present: It shows a friendly and respectful attitude usu substantial things.

　　gift: It shows something which is given voluntarily given without

　　expectation of return or compensation.

　　47.愚蠢

　　silly: Foolish or childish

　　a silly boy/story/fellow/question/mistake, silly remarks.

　　foolish: Very silly or unwise

　　a foolish act/child/old man, foolish people.

　　stupid: Showing lack of good judgment or intelligence and not at all

　　sensible.

　　a stupid idea/mistake/person/act.

　　48.地區(qū),地域

　　zone: A particular part of something or a particular place.

　　area: A small or large part not thought of a fixed land division.

　　A playground is an outside area.

　　region: Usually part of a country usually large may or may not

　　be thought of as fixed land division.

　　A desert is a barren region.

　　district: A fixed land division usually smaller than region.

　　We live in Hongkou District of Shanghai.

　　49.會議 集會

　　meeting: The most general one. any gathering of several or many people in one place at a certain time. A meeting can be large or small, long or shirt. It is usually planned ahead of time.

　　(年會) convention: An annual meeting of an organization or political group.

　　(討論會) conference: A meeting at which two or more people have an formal discussion and exchange views on a subject.

　　(代表大會) congress: A formal meeting of representatives of societies or  countries to exchange information and opinion.

　　(集會) assembly: A group of people who have gathered together for a  meeting for the purpose of being informed, being entertained or making group decisions.

　　(協(xié)商會) council: A meeting of a small group of people chosen from a large group to serve as advisers or consultants.

　　50.成就,功績

　　achievement: Something which one succeed in doing esp. after a lot of effort usually dangerous or difficult.

　　The first space flight was a great achievement.

　　accomplishment: The skill that people have required. It is something that took knowledge and, usually, hard work. When you have solved a hard arithmetic problem or learned to figure out, you can be proud of your accomplishment.

　　Among his many accomplishments is the ability to play card tricks.

　　feat: It requires more courage and strength. It applies to mental acts as well physical acts.

　　Learning a new skill is a feat.

　　exploit: An accomplishment that requires even greater daring and heroism than a feat.

　　Old stories tell about the exploits of famous heroes.