高三英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)知識(shí)點(diǎn)：But

　　一、直接考查連詞but在語(yǔ)境中的用法即要求考生根據(jù)試題的語(yǔ)境(看其是否有轉(zhuǎn)折意味)來確定連詞but的正確使用。這類考題通常會(huì)將連詞but與連詞and，so，or等結(jié)合起來考查。同學(xué)們做題時(shí)要注意比較，尤其要注意比較各個(gè)連詞填入句子后，比較句意的邏輯性和通暢性。如：

　　1. You have failed two tests. You'd better start working harder，_________ you won't pass the course.

　　A. and B. so C. but D. or

　　「解析」D.or的意思是"否則""要不然"，只有此詞填入空格，句意最通順。

　　2. They wanted to charge $5，000 for the car，_________ we managed to bring the price down.

　　A. but B. so C. when D. since

　　「解析」A.前后兩分句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用but.

　　3. -Somebody wants you on the telephone. -_________ no one knows I'm here.

　　A. For B. And C. But D. So

　　「解析」C."有人打電話來找我"與"沒有人知道我在這里"是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故填but.

　　二、利用but的轉(zhuǎn)折語(yǔ)境考查其他知識(shí)點(diǎn)即根據(jù)題干中連詞but的轉(zhuǎn)折性語(yǔ)境來確定相關(guān)知識(shí)點(diǎn)的選擇。此時(shí)尤其要注意前后相關(guān)信息的對(duì)比、對(duì)照或互為相反義。如：

　　1. He has made a lot of films，but _________ good ones.

　　A. any B. some C. few D. many

　　「解析」C.由于句中用了轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but，所以要填few與前面的many相對(duì)比。

　　2. It's hard for him playing against me. I've got nothing to play for，but for him，he needs to win so _________.

　　A. far B. well C. little D. badly

　　「解析」D.句中的badly不是表示"糟糕地"，而是表示"很""非常"，這樣用的badly主要與表示"想要"或"需要"的詞語(yǔ)或短語(yǔ)(如want，need，be in need of等)連用。如：Our school is badly in need of English teacher. 我們學(xué)校急需英語(yǔ)教師。/ He wants to buy a new car badly. 他很想買輛新車。

　　3. I told your friend how to get to the hotel，but perhaps I _________ have driven her there.

　　A. could B. must C. might D. should

　　「解析」D.比較："could+have+過去分詞"的意思是"本來可以""本來應(yīng)該""本來能夠";"must+have+過去分詞"的意思是"一定已經(jīng)";"might+have+過去分詞"的意思是"本來可以""本來可能";"should+have+過去分詞"的意思是"本來應(yīng)該".根據(jù)句意，顯然只有D最佳。

　　三、考查but的相關(guān)結(jié)構(gòu)或句式如考查not…but…，not only…but (also)…等句式的搭配和運(yùn)用。如：

　　1. Between the two generations，it is often not their age，_________ their education that causes misunderstanding.

　　A. like B. as C. or D. but

　　「解析」D.題目考查not…but…的用法，其意為"不是……而是……".全句意為：兩代人之間引起的誤解往往不是他們的(不同)年齡，而是他們所受的(不同)教育。

　　2. Reality is not the way you wish things to be，nor the way they appear to be，_________ the way they actually are.

　　A. as B. or C. but D. and

　　「解析」C.此題也是考查not…but…結(jié)構(gòu)。全句意為：現(xiàn)實(shí)不是你想象出來的事物的狀態(tài)，也不是事物表象給人的感覺，而是其本來的樣子。

　　四、考查連詞but與定語(yǔ)從句的相互干擾大家知道，在含有定語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句中，我們是不能在主句與從句之間使用并列連詞的。但是，命題者有時(shí)卻會(huì)利用連詞but與定語(yǔ)從句的相互干擾性來考查考生的辨別能力。如：

　　1. I don't mind her criticizing me，but _________ is how she does it that I object to.

　　A. it B. that C. this D. which

　　「解析」A.此題考查it is……that…這一強(qiáng)調(diào)句句型。句意為：我不介意她批評(píng)我，我反對(duì)的是她批評(píng)我的方式。由于句中使用了并列連詞but，所以絕對(duì)不能選D.

　　2. The doctor advised Vera strongly that she should take a holiday，but _________ didn't help.

　　A. it B. she C. which D. he

　　「解析」A.用it代替前面整句話的內(nèi)容。但若去掉but，則選which.