2012高考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)：高考英語(yǔ)詞匯400題及詳解（六）

　　251. It is not profitable to provide bus services in districts where the population is widely _____.

　　A. scattered  B. dismissed  C. separated  D. spread

　　[答案]A. scattered.

　　[注釋]scattered是scatter的過(guò)去分詞，也可作形容詞用，（=lying in different directions; not situated together, wide apart）分散的，散布在各處的。Separate分開(kāi)的，spread傳播；攤開(kāi)，dismiss解雇。

　　252. There are usually at least two _____ of looking at every question.

　　A. ways    B. directions    C. views    D. opinions

　　[答案]A. ways.

　　[注釋]two ways of looking at every questions意指“觀察每個(gè)問(wèn)題的兩個(gè)方面”。

　　253. He left in such a hurry that I _____ had time to thank him.

　　A. almost    B. even    C. nearly    D. scarcely

　　[答案]D. scarcely.

　　[注釋]scarcely(=hardly, not quite, almost not)幾乎沒(méi)有。Scarcely是否定副詞，類(lèi)似的有：hardly, barely, rarely, seldom, little等。研究生入學(xué)考試中經(jīng)常測(cè)試這類(lèi)否定副詞的用法。

　　254. As more and more cars are produced and used, so the _____ from their exhaust-pipes contains an even larger volume of poisonous gas.

　　A. exposure  B. distribution  C. expansion  D. emission

　　[答案]D. emission.

　　[注釋]emission散發(fā)物，發(fā)射。exposure(to)暴露于：They believe that their health problems are the result of years of exposure to fine cotton dust.(他們認(rèn)為，他們的健康問(wèn)題是多年來(lái)暴露于棉花粉塵所致。)expansion膨脹，擴(kuò)大；Heat causes the expansion of gas.本題譯文：正如汽車(chē)的生產(chǎn)和使用越來(lái)越多一樣，汽車(chē)的排氣管的散發(fā)物內(nèi)所含的有毒氣體量也在增加。

　　255. The book seems to have been _____ from various books and articles.

　　   A. pieced together    B. taken off

　　   C. broken away        D. pulled out

　　[答案]A. pieced together.

　　[注釋]piece together拼合，拼湊；take off起飛；break away from脫離；pull out拔出；駛出；（車(chē)）減速。

　　256. We had a marvelous holiday: only the last two days were slightly _____ by the weather.

　　   A. damaged    B. hurt    C. ruined    D. spoiled

　　[答案]D. spoiled.

　　[注釋]spoiled使......掃興: A shower of rain spoiled our day's outing.

　　257. I could tell he was surprised from the _____ on his face.

　　A. appearance    B. view    C. sight    D. expression

　　[答案]D. expression.

　　[注釋]expression此處意指“表情”。Appearance表示人的“儀表，外表”。

　　258. I'd like to take _____ of this opportunity to thank you all for your cooperation.

　　A. profit  B. benefit  C. advantage  D. interests

　　[答案]C. advantage.

　　[注釋]take advantage of(=make use of sth. for one's own benefit)利用：take advantage of my ignorance(利用我的無(wú)知)。

　　259. If you ever have the _____ to go abroad to work, you should take it.

　　A. possibility    B. offer    C. luck   D. chance

　　[答案]D. chance.

　　[注釋]chance(偶然的)機(jī)會(huì)。Have與the(或 a) possibility不能搭配；常用There is a possibility for sb. to do sth.表示客觀存在的“可能性”。

　　260. Scientists think they have _____ in their attempt to find the causes of some major dieases.

　　   A. broken through    B. worked out

　　   C. fallen out        D. got round

　　[答案]A. broken through.

　　[注釋]break through(=be successful after overcoming a difficulty)突破；取得重大成果：Scientists hope to break through soon in their fight against heart disease.(科學(xué)家希望在與心臟病斗爭(zhēng)中很快取得重大成果。)

　　本題譯文：科學(xué)家認(rèn)為他們?cè)谔剿髂承┲匾�疾病的病因中已取得重大突破�?br />
　　261. His test results are not very _____. He does well one week and badly the next.

　　A. invariable  B. consequent C. continuous D. consistent

　　[答案]D. consistent.

　　[注釋]consistent 1)始終如一，前后一致：He is not consistent in his statements.(他的話(huà)并不前后一致。) 2)與......一致：The story is not consistent with the facts. What you say is not consistent with what you do.

　　262. The new safety regulations were agreed on after _____ with the work-force.

　　   A. conference      B. participation

　　   C. intervention    D. consultation

　　[答案]D. consultation.

　　[注釋]consultation商議：hold a consultation with sb. about sth.（與某人商談某事）。

　　conference討論會(huì)；participation參加，參與；intervention干預(yù)，干涉。

　　263. The room was so quiet that she could hear the _____ of her heart.

　　A. hitting    B. beating    C. tapping   D. knocking

　　[答案]B. beating.

　　[注釋]beating 此處是動(dòng)名詞，指“（心）跳”：Her heart was beating furiously.

　　264. During World War II Malta managed to _____ most of Italian and German bombers by throwing up an effective anti-aircraft screen.

　　A. put out  B. shut out  C. come across D. get across

　　[答案]B. shut out.

　　[注釋]shut out(=prevent from coming in; block)排除，排斥：They shut out our dust by having double windows.(他們用雙層窗戶(hù)防塵。)

　　put out撲滅；get across越過(guò)；使人了解；come across偶然遇到。

　　本題譯文：第二次世界大戰(zhàn)中，馬耳他建立了有效的防空屏障以防止意大利和德國(guó)的轟炸機(jī)侵入。

　　265. I think we should let Maria go camping with her boyfriend. _____, she's a big girl now.

　　A. Above all B. After all C. First of all D. For all

　　[答案]B. After all.

　　[注釋]after all畢竟。

　　“for all + 名詞”意為“盡管”: For all his wealth, he was unhappy.(盡管他富有，但他并不幸福。)

　　266. Jim's close _____ to his brother made people mistake them for one another.

　　A. confusion  B. similarity  C. resemblanceD. imitation

　　[答案]C. resemblance.

　　[注釋]resemblance n. 像（to）。 resemble(vt.)像; She resembles her mother.(=She takes after her mother.)

　　imitation模仿；仿效；confusion混亂，混淆；similarity相似性。

　　267. It has been decided that this company has the _____ right to print Mr. Smith's novels.

　　A.eventual  B.versatile   C.extensive  D.exclusive

　　[答案]D. exclusive.

　　[注釋]exclusive(=reserved to the person(s) concerned)獨(dú)有的；This bathroom is for the president's exclusive use.

　　eventual最終的；versatile通用的，萬(wàn)用的；extensive廣泛的。

　　268. He has recently _____ chess to provide himself with some relaxation.

　　A. taken on B. taken up  C. held on D. held up

　　[答案]B. taken up.

　　[注釋]take up開(kāi)始從事。take on參閱Ⅲ，162,171注釋。hold on, hold up參閱Ⅲ，162,171注釋。

　　269. What a terrible experience! _____ , you are safe, that's the main thing.

　　A. Somehow  B. Anyhow  C. Somewhat  D. Anywhere

　　[答案]B. Anyhow.

　　[注釋]anyhow(at= any rate; in any case)無(wú)論如何，不管怎樣。

　　270. John always tries to _____ people who are useful to him professionally.

　　A. develop B. provoke C. correspond  D. cultivate

　　[答案]D. cultivate.

　　[注釋]cultivate sb.結(jié)識(shí)（有地位的人），培養(yǎng)與......的友誼：He always tries to cultivate rich and famous people.(他總是極力結(jié)識(shí)有錢(qián)的知名人士。)

　　本題譯文：約翰總是力圖結(jié)識(shí)在職業(yè)方面對(duì)他有用的人。

　　271. Although he hasn't any formal qualifications, Betas _____ to do well for himself.

　　A. managed  B. succeeded  C. arranged   D. convinced

　　[答案]a. managed.

　　[注釋]manage to do sth.(=succeed in doing sth.)設(shè)法做成某事：1)He managed to escape to South America.(他設(shè)法逃到了南美。) 2)We managed to get what we wanted, anyhow.(我們反正設(shè)法得到了需要的東西。) 3)Do you suppose you can manage to get me a passport?(你能設(shè)法給我弄到一份護(hù)照嗎？)

　　本題譯文：雖然他沒(méi)有正式的資力，但他收入很多。Do well for oneself吃香，收入多，改善自己的社會(huì)地位。

　　272. The family is a cooperative enterprise for which it is difficult to _____ rules, because each family needs to work out its own ways to deal with its own problems.

　　A. set up    B. put down    C. keep up    D. lay down

　　[答案]D. lay down.

　　[注釋]lay down制定。參閱Ⅲ，97注釋。

　　273. After a short holiday, he _____ himself once more to his studies.

　　A. applied    B. converted    C. engaged    D. exerted

　　[答案]A. applied.

　　[注釋]apply oneself to“致力于”。Apply one's mind to(專(zhuān)心于)。Apply to sb. for aid(向某人求援)。Apply a theory to practice(把理論應(yīng)用于實(shí)踐)。

　　274. She felt _____ of having asked such a silly question when the audience couldn't help laughing.

　　A. guilty  B. crazy C. miserable  D. ashamed

　　[答案]D. ashamed.

　　[注釋] be ashamed of因......感到羞恥，慚愧：1)He is ashamed of what he was done.2)She felt ashamed of having done so little.(=She felt ashamed that she had done so little.) 3)John was ashamed to ask for help.(他不好意思向人求助。) 4)Jim was ashamed to have troubled me with so many questions.Be guilty of犯有......罪，過(guò)失：1)He was found guilty. 2)I am not guilty of this crime.

　　275. The driver can adjust the heating in winter and the air conditioning in summer to suit his own _____.

　　A. leisure   B. preference C. convenience  D. selection

　　[答案]B. preference.

　　[注釋]preference偏愛(ài)，更加喜歡：My preference is for beef rather than for lamb.(我更喜歡牛肉面不是羊肉。)